This sorghumfeeding sca biotype developed because of a genetic change in the existing us population or was intro. A catalog of the sugar cane insects of the world lists over 1500 species. Infestations cause direct and indirect damage, and early maturing varieties are more susceptible. Agriculture, mainly grazing, sugarcane and tropical horticulture furnas, 2003, is the dominant land use in catchments draining into the gbr lagoon.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Diatraea saccharalis sugarcane borer is native to the western hemisphere but seems to have been introduced to the united states of america usa, where it inhabits the warmers states. Phytocercomonas venanatans, a new species of cercozoa associated with chlorotic streak of. There are indications that this aphid will persist in the lower rio grande valley and nearby areas in mexico, the coastal bend and. Insects and eggs can be carried on sugarcane stalks and leaves. Survey of major insect pests, uses of management practices and. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss sugar cane is a perennial grass that thrives well in tropical and frostfree warm. Losses due to smut in sugarcane depend on various factors viz. This map depicts the distribution of sugarcane in the world. To assess the impact of resistant sugarcane varieties on the pest population dynamics of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis f. The biology and control of weeds in sugarcane 1st edition. Allen knutson, robert bowling, pat porter, ed bynum, raul villanueva, charles allen and stephen biles. Some sixty species of this insect have been reported however, in the context of this.
Cane arrears decline to rs 15,222 cr so far in 2018. Chapter 1 introduction in vitro approaches for improvement of sugarcane cultivar page 1 introduction sugarcane is an oldest crop known to man, a major crop of tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Planted sugarcane varietiesclones were subjected to natural infestation. Pdf sugarcane insect pests find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. It is also found through the caribbean, warmer parts of south america, including argentina and brazil. This article is a list of diseases of sugarcane saccharum spp. Injury is usually more severe in older ratoon crops and is most evident around the edges of a field. Data on the incidence of top shoot borer scirpophaga excerptalis.
It is also found through the caribbean, warmer parts. Pests of australian sugarcane field guide peter samson, nader sallam, keith chandler bses limited l australia 20. Purchase the biology and control of weeds in sugarcane 1st edition. This document addresses the biology and ecology of conventional nongenetically modified sugarcane. The primary infection is mainly from infected setts. Over one hundred species of insects, besides noninsect pests like mites, nematodes, rats, jackals, parrots and squirrels are laown to damage sugarcane. Pdf sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. Dec, 2016 ipm strategy for sugarcane mealy bug use resistant varieties like co 439, co 443, co 720, co 730 drain excess water from the field detrash the crop on 150 and 210 days after planting. Sugarcane crop yield forecasting is a multibillion dollar us business in brazil.
Until recently the sca fed only on sugarcane in the us, but in 20, it was found feeding on sorghum near beaumont, tx. Sugarcane pests and diseases pdf free download epdf. The more common include helicotylenchus dihystera, pratylenchus zeae, xiphinema elongatum and, on sandy soils, meloidogyne javanica. Aesa based ipm sugarcane 1 aesa based ipm package for sugarcane sugarcane plant description. Its production systems are intensive, relying on large inputs of. Introduction agriculture is strongly interrelated with climatic factors. It is cultivated for these thick stems or stalks or canes, from which the sugar is extracted. Sugarcane is scientifically known as saccharam officinarum it is believed to be originated from south and southeast asia india is the second largest producer of cane sugar next to brazil sugarcane is infested by 287 species of insect and non insect pests. Sugarcane interspecific hybrids of saccharum is originally from southeastern asia, possibly new guinea, and was brought to the western hemisphere by columbus. Copious excretion of honeydew may cause development of sooty mould. Summary the new aphid pest of sorghum is taxonomically indistinct to m. Abdullah bangladesh sugarcane research institute ishurdi, pabna, bangladesh. The sugarcane aphid sca is currently one of the most important insect pests of grain and forage sorghum in texas.
The perspective of pest management of sugarcane insects involves a multidisciplinary and environmentally sound holistic system that is multitactical, sustainable, and has proactive vision. Each sugar mill critically needs information about sugarcane production to manage and allocate their resources. Root damage caused by nematodes reduces the number and length of cane stalks and yield of sucrose. It was reported as a minor pest of sugarcane in assam, nagaland, sikkim, tripura, u. Biocontrol of insect pest of sugarcane crop through artificial rearing of. Sugarcane in south africa hosts more than 90 species of 28 genera of plantparasitic nematodes. Dinardomiranda, 2008, have generated great interest among researchers and producers due to the role played by natural enemies. Pdf insect pests of sugarcane and their management. On average, sugarcane mill can crush about 5000 tons of raw sugarcane a day. The generic name saccharum was given to sugar cane by linnaeus in 1753 it can be traced back to the sanskrit word karkara or carkara, meaning gravel. This is one of the most severe of the known diseases of sugarcane. Sugarcane is a long duration crop of 1012 months and therefore is liable to be attacked by a number of insect pests. A brief history of the sugarcane aphid1 the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari2 zehntner hemiptera. It is a rich source of food sucrose, jaggery and syrup, fibre cellulose, fodder green.
The sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius, is native to the western hemisphere, but not to the united states. Pest management of sugarcane insects louisiana state university. Many are only occasional feeders, but in most regions where this crop is grown insect pests are a significant factor. It also is the basis of large plantation enterprises.
V, abbott sugarcane is native to or is grown in some 50 countries or political units within approximately 40 north lati tude to 32 south. The fungus also persists in the soil on the diseased clumps and stubbles as acervulli. Aphididae, was first detected in sorghum near beaumont, tx in june 20. Sugarcane is a tall perennial plant growing erect even up to 5 to 6 meters. According to an estimate, sugarcane production declines by 2025% by insect pests.
Environmental impacts of irrigated sugarcane production. The sugarcane aphid sca has recently become one of the most important insect pests of. Crambidae, one of the most important sugarcane pests in brazil botelho and macedo, 2002. Biology of sugarcane borer is described by holloway et al. While grazing occupies the greatest area, sugarcane saccharum spp.
Sugarcane has a thick, tillering stem which is clearly divided into nodes and internodes. Phytoplasmas were previously known as mycoplasmalike organisms mlos. Secondary spread in the field may be through irrigation water and cultivation tools. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. Management strategy grow resistant varieties like co 6907, co 7219, co 80, co 8021, co 7706, co a 7602, co a 89082, co a 89085, 87 a 397, co t 8201, etc. Freshly planted fields usually have little or no grub infestation. Now, it is common to encounter large populations of this aphid species on sorghum plants specially before harvest. Ipm strategy for sugarcane mealy bug use resistant varieties like co 439, co 443, co 720, co 730 drain excess water from the field detrash the crop on 150 and 210 days after planting. The plant is composed of four principle parts, the root system, the stalk, the leaves and the inflorescence. Pyralidae distribution life cycle and description damage host plants natural enemies weather management selected references distribution back to top.
The rain splash, air currents and dew drops also help in the spread of conidia from the diseased to healthy plants. It is an important crop for thousands of small farmers with only a few acres. Sugarcane growing countries of the world are lying between the latitude 36. Botanical description of sugarcane sugarcane is a tall perennial tropical grass, which tillers at the base to produce unbranched stems of 28 m tall, and of around 5cm in diameter. Sugarcane today is considered as one of the best converters of solar energy into biomass and sugar.
A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in india. A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in india cabi. Pests of australian sugarcane sugar research australia. Included is the origin of sugarcane, general descriptions of its growth and agronomy, its reproductive biology, toxicity and allergenicity and its general ecology. Sugarcane fiji disease virus is spread in solomon islands and presumably in other pacific island countries by a species of perkinsiella most likely perkinsiella saccharicida, a planthopper photo 5, which breeds among the young leaves. Sugarcane straw and the populations of pests and nematodes. The effects of green cane harvesting on the populations of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius lepidoptera. The biology and ecology of sugarcane saccharum spp.
A sugarcane grub infestation usually starts at the. Commercial sugarcane production in the united states occurs in florida, hawaii, louisiana, texas, and puerto rico. Adult sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius. The word sugar is known to have derived from the sanskrit word sharkara. Field data on infestation of pyrilla perpusilla showed that decline in cane yield was 18%. Estimate the number of aphids per leaf photo range estimate a 125 12 b 2650 38 c 51100 75 d 101500 300 e 501 750 f. The list of major that cause economic damage to this crop insects pests of sugarcane are given below, 1. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf a study of various pests in sugarcane crop of india article pdf available november 2017 with 2,496 reads.
It is widely distributed throughout the sugarcanegrowing countries of the world, and in fact it is. Sugarcane production in china has more than 3000 years of history. Estimate the number of sugarcane aphids sca per leaf to help time foliar insecticides for sca control on sorghum. Stem borer of sugarcane the scientific name of stem borer of sugarcane is chilo infuscatellus snellen with family. Insect management in sugarcane 3 uprooting, and death in heavily infested areas. Edis is the electronic data information source of ufifas extension, a collection of information on topics relevant to you. Existing methods to reliably estimate crop yield in sugarcane. Hemipteran pests of sugarcane in north america mdpi.
The adult planthoppers have wings, allowing them to fly from diseased to healthy plants. Crop yield forecasting in sugarcane using remote sensing. Sucrose content of infected cane is reduced to 3 7%. Sugarcane whiteflies are one of the most important pests of sugarcane in south asian countries. Rubbing of setts with gunny bag pieces dipped in malathion 0. Influence of climatic changes on the abundance of major insect pests of sugarcane presented by m. Similar to the sugarcane planthopper perkinsiella saccharicida in size and appearance, being a 46 mm long, brown coloured, leafhopper. The investigation was made at bangladesh sugarcane research institute bsri, ishurdi from 1980 to 2007. Top borer of sugarcane the scientific name of top borer of sugarcane is scirpophaga novella fabricius with family pyralidae and belonging to order lepideoptera. Cooperative sugar 2011 during 200111, the area under sugarcane cultivation rose from 4. A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in.
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